Английский язык 11 класс учебник Афанасьева, Дули ответы – страница 144

• Тип: ГДЗ, Решебник.
• Авторы: Афанасьева О. В., Дули Д., Михеева И. В. и др.
• Часть: без частей.
• Год: 2026.

• Серия: Английский в фокусе.
• Издательство: Просвещение.

Автор

Материал подготовила:

Ксения Кудряшева

Module 8d — Модуль 8d

Literature — Литература

Упражнение 1.

Look at the title and describe the picture. Have you read this novel? Who are the people who have caught Gulliver? Read the biography to find out. — Посмотрите на заголовок и опишите картинку. Вы читали этот роман? Кто эти люди, которые поймали Гулливера? Прочитайте биографию, чтобы узнать.

      Jonathan Swift
      (1667–1745)
   was born in Dublin, Ireland. At school, he was described as headstrong and not a very good student. Later, however, he became a popular satirical author and journalist, and one of the most important figures in literary and political life in London during the reign of Queen Anne (1702–1714). Some of his most famous works include The Battle of the Books (1697) and A Tale of a Tub (1704). — родился в Дублине, Ирландия. В школе его считали упрямым и не очень прилежным учеником. Однако позже он стал популярным автором сатирических произведений и журналистом, а также одной из самых значимых фигур в литературной и политической жизни Лондона во времена правления королевы Анны (1702–1714). Среди самых известных его произведений — «Битва книг» (1697) и «Сказка бочки» (1704).
   Swift’s best-known work is Gulliver’s Travels (1726), the story of a surgeon’s adventures in strange lands. Swift’s descriptions of Gulliver’s journeys often seemed so realistic that many readers believed that they were true! In the first part, Gulliver is shipwrecked on the island of Lilliput, where the people are only six inches tall. — Самое известное произведение Свифта — «Путешествия Гулливера» (1726), история о приключениях хирурга в чужих странах. Описания путешествий Гулливера, сделанные Свифтом, часто казались настолько реалистичными, что многие читатели верили в их правдивость! В первой части «Путешествий Гулливера» герой терпит кораблекрушение и оказывается на острове Лилипут, где люди ростом всего в шесть дюймов.

Упражнение 2.

Listen to the sounds. What do you think happened to Gulliver before he reached Lilliput?

Упражнение 3.

Read the text and complete the gaps (A–F) with the phrases (1–7). There is one phrase that you do not need to use. — Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски (A–F) фразами (1–7). Одну фразу использовать не нужно.

      Gulliver’s Travels
    I would not be proper, for some reasons, to trouble the reader with the particulars of our adventures in those seas; let it suffice to inform him, that during our voyage to the East Indies, we were driven by a violent storm to the north-west of Van Diemen’s Land. We found ourselves in the latitude of 30 degrees 2 minutes south. Twelve of our crew were dead due to over-work and poor food; the rest were in a very weak condition.
    On the 5th of November, А ... the weather being very hazy, the seamen spied a rock within half a cable’s¹ length of the ship; but the wind was so strong that we were driven directly onto it, and the ship immediately split. Six of the crew, including myself, having let down the boat into the sea, attempted to get clear of the ship and the rock. I estimate that we rowed about three leagues², till we were able to row no longer, being already exhausted from our labour on the ship. We therefore trusted ourselves to the mercy of the waves. B ... . What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel³, I don’t know; but I must assume that they were all lost. As for me, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found that I could touch the bottom; and by this time the storm had calmed. The slope was so small...
    What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I don’t know; but I must assume that they were all lost. As for me, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found that I could touch the bottom; and by this time the storm had calmed. The slope was so small...
    That I walked almost a mile before I got to the shore, guessing that it was about eight o’clock in the evening. I then advanced forward nearly half a mile, C ...; at least I was in so weak a condition, that I did not notice them. I was extremely tired, and with that, and the heat of the weather, I found myself very much wanting to sleep. I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, D ...; for when I awoke, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to move: for, as I happened to be lying on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, E ..., tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender cords across my body, from my armpits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light blinded my eyes. I heard a confused noise around me; F ... . After a while, I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which, advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin; when, bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I saw that it was a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver on his back.
    In the meantime, I felt at least forty more of the same kind following the first. I was in the utmost astonishment, and roared so loud, that they all ran back in fright; and some of them, as I was afterwards told, were hurt with the falls they got by leaping from my sides upon the ground. However, they soon returned, and one of them, who ventured so far as to get a full sight of my face, lifting up his hands and eyes by way of admiration, cried out in a shrill but distinct voice, “Hekinah degul”. The others repeated the same words several times, but then I knew not what they meant. I lay all this while, as the reader may believe, in great uneasiness. At length, struggling to get loose, I had the fortune to break the strings, and wrench out the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground; for, by lifting it up to my face, I discovered the methods they had taken to bind me, and at the same time with a violent pull, which gave me excessive pain, I loosened a little the strings that tied down my hair on the left side, so that I was just able to turn my head about two inches.

1 but did not see any sign of houses or inhabitants
2 and I realised that I was being swept back towards the rock
3 which was the beginning of summer in those parts
4 but in the position I lay, could see nothing except the sky
5 which was long and thick
6 where I slept more soundly than I ever remembered having done in my life for about nine hours
7 and in about half an hour the boat was overturned by a sudden strong gust of wind from the north

1 but did not see any sign of houses or inhabitants — но не увидел ни домов, ни людей
2 and I realised that I was being swept back towards the rock — и понял, что меня несет обратно к скале
3 which was the beginning of summer in those parts — в тех краях уже наступило лето
4 but in the position I lay, could see nothing except the sky — но с того места, где я лежал, не было видно ничего, кроме неба
5 which was long and thick — которое было затянуто облаками
6 where I slept more soundly than I ever remembered having done in my life for about nine hours — где я проспал крепче, чем когда-либо в своей жизни, около девяти часов.
7 and in about half an hour the boat was overturned by a sudden strong gust of wind from the north — и примерно через полчаса лодку перевернуло внезапным сильным порывом северного ветра.

Listen to and read the text again. Which sentences best describe the picture? — Прослушайте и перечитайте текст еще раз. Какие предложения лучше всего описывают картинку?

      Gulliver’s Travels
   I would not be proper, for some reasons, to trouble the reader with the particulars of our adventures in those seas; let it suffice to inform him, that during our voyage to the East Indies, we were driven by a violent storm to the north-west of Van Diemen’s Land. We found ourselves in the latitude of 30 degrees 2 minutes south. Twelve of our crew were dead due to over-work and poor food; the rest were in a very weak condition. — По некоторым причинам я не стану утомлять читателя подробностями наших приключений в этих морях. Достаточно будет сообщить, что во время нашего путешествия в Ост-Индию нас застал сильный шторм к северо-западу от Земли Ван-Димена. Мы оказались на 30 градусах 2 минутах южной широты. Двенадцать членов нашей команды умерли от переутомления и плохого питания, остальные были очень ослаблены.
   On the 5th of November, which was the beginning of summer in those parts, the weather being very hazy, the seamen spied a rock within half a cable’s length of the ship; but the wind was so strong that we were driven directly onto it, and the ship immediately split. Six of the crew, including myself, having let down the boat into the sea, attempted to get clear of the ship and the rock. I estimate that we rowed about three leagues, till we were able to row no longer, being already exhausted from our labour on the ship. We therefore trusted ourselves to the mercy of the waves. And I realised that I was being swept back towards the rock. What became of my companions in the boat, as well as of those who escaped on the rock, or were left in the vessel, I don’t know; but I must assume that they were all lost. As for me, I swam as fortune directed me, and was pushed forward by wind and tide. I often let my legs drop, and could feel no bottom; but when I was almost gone, and able to struggle no longer, I found that I could touch the bottom; and by this time the storm had calmed. The slope was so small... — 5 ноября, в начале лета в тех краях, погода была очень туманная, и моряки заметили скалу на расстоянии полукабельтова от корабля, но ветер был таким сильным, что нас понесло прямо на нее, и корабль тут же раскололся. Шестеро членов экипажа, включая меня, спустили шлюпку на воду и попытались уплыть подальше от корабля и скалы. По моим подсчетам, мы проплыли около трех лиг, пока не выбились из сил после работы на корабле. Тогда мы отдались на волю волн. Я понял, что меня несет обратно к скале. Не знаю, что стало с моими спутниками в лодке, а также с теми, кто спасся на скале или остался на корабле, но, полагаю, все они погибли. Что касается меня, то я плыл, куда меня несла судьба, подгоняемый ветром и приливом. Я часто опускал ноги в воду и не чувствовал дна, но когда силы почти иссякли и я уже не мог сопротивляться, то обнаружил, что могу коснуться дна. К тому времени шторм утих. Спуск был таким пологим...
   That I walked almost a mile before I got to the shore, guessing that it was about eight o’clock in the evening. I then advanced forward nearly half a mile, but did not see any sign of houses or inhabitants; at least I was in so weak a condition, that I did not notice them. I was extremely tired, and with that, and the heat of the weather, I found myself very much wanting to sleep. I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept more soundly than I ever remembered having done in my life for about nine hours; for when I awoke, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to move: for, as I happened to be lying on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender cords across my body, from my armpits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light blinded my eyes. I heard a confused noise around me; but in the position I lay, could see nothing except the sky. After a while, I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which, advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin; when, bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I saw that it was a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver on his back. — Что я прошел почти милю, прежде чем добрался до берега. По моим прикидкам, было около восьми часов вечера. Я прошел вперед почти полмили, но не увидел ни домов, ни людей. По крайней мере, я был так измотан, что ничего не заметил. Я очень устал, а вдобавок ко всему еще и изнывал от жары, так что мне очень хотелось спать. Я лег на траву, она была очень короткая и мягкая, и проспал крепче, чем когда-либо в жизни, около девяти часов. Когда я проснулся, уже светало. Я попытался встать, но не смог пошевелиться: оказалось, что я лежу на спине, а мои руки и ноги крепко привязаны к земле, и мои длинные густые волосы тоже были связаны. Кроме того, я почувствовал, что мое тело от подмышек до бедер стянуто несколькими тонкими веревками. Я мог только смотреть вверх; солнце припекало все сильнее, и свет слепил глаза. Я услышал какой-то неясный шум вокруг себя, но, лежа в таком положении, не мог видеть ничего, кроме неба. Через некоторое время я почувствовал, как что-то живое зашевелилось на моей левой ноге, которая, плавно продвигаясь вперед по моей груди, добралась почти до подбородка. Я скосил глаза вниз и увидел, что это было человеческое существо ростом не больше шести дюймов, с луком и стрелами в руках и колчаном за спиной.
   In the meantime, I felt at least forty more of the same kind following the first. I was in the utmost astonishment, and roared so loud, that they all ran back in fright; and some of them, as I was afterwards told, were hurt with the falls they got by leaping from my sides upon the ground. However, they soon returned, and one of them, who ventured so far as to get a full sight of my face, lifting up his hands and eyes by way of admiration, cried out in a shrill but distinct voice, “Hekinah degul”. The others repeated the same words several times, but then I knew not what they meant. I lay all this while, as the reader may believe, in great uneasiness. At length, struggling to get loose, I had the fortune to break the strings, and wrench out the pegs that fastened my left arm to the ground; for, by lifting it up to my face, I discovered the methods they had taken to bind me, and at the same time with a violent pull, which gave me excessive pain, I loosened a little the strings that tied down my hair on the left side, so that I was just able to turn my head about two inches. — Тем временем я почувствовал, что за первым существом следуют еще по меньшей мере сорок таких же. Я был в полном недоумении и так громко взревел, что они в испуге бросились врассыпную, а некоторые, как мне потом рассказали, упали и поранились, спрыгивая с меня на землю. Однако вскоре они вернулись, и один из них, осмелившийся подойти ближе, чтобы рассмотреть мое лицо, поднял руки и глаза от удивления и пронзительно, но отчетливо крикнул: «Хекина дегул». Остальные несколько раз повторили те же слова, но я так и не понял, что они имели в виду. Все это время я, как может догадаться читатель, пребывал в большом волнении. В конце концов, пытаясь освободиться, я, к счастью, порвал веревки и выдернул колышки, которыми моя левая рука была привязана к земле. Подняв ее к лицу, я обнаружил, как меня связали, и в то же время, с силой потянув за веревки, что причинило мне сильную боль, я немного ослабил путы, стягивавшие мои волосы с левой стороны, так что смог повернуть голову примерно на два дюйма.

Упражнение 4.

a) Match the highlighted words with their meanings below. — Соотнесите выделенные слова с приведёнными ниже значениями.

   • blown — отброшенный или унесённый ветром
   • be enough — быть достаточным
   • imagine sth to be true — предполагать, что что-либо является правдой
   • spotted — заметил
   • moving downwards and forwards — двигая или наклоняя вниз и вперёд
   • attached — прикреплённый
   • happened to — что произошло с кем-либо
   • thin ropes — тонкие верёвки
   • details — подробности
   • tried — пытался
   • cracked or divided in two — треснувший или разделённый надвое

b) Explain the meaning of the underlined phrases in your own words. Check in the Word List. — Объясните значение подчёркнутых фраз своими словами. Проверьте себя по списку слов.